Activated Carbon Production Equipment Activation Furnace working principle, activated carbon formation!
Activated Carbon Equipment activation furnace uses oxygen-containing gases such as steam, flue gas (mainly composed of CO2) or its mixed gas as activator. Under high temperature, it contacts with carbon to produce oxidation-reduction reaction to generate carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other hydrocarbon gases. The purpose of pore forming in carbon particles is achieved through carbon gasification reaction ("loss on ignition"). The main chemical reaction formula is as follows:
C+2H2O 2H2+CO2-18kcal ①
C+H2O H2+CO-31kcal ②
CO2+C 2CO-41kcal ③
The above three chemical reactions are endothermic reactions, that is, with the activation reaction going on, the temperature of the activation reaction area of the
Activated Carbon Activation Furnace will gradually decrease. If the temperature of the activation area is lower than 800 ℃, the above activation reaction can not be carried out normally. Therefore, in the activation reaction area of the activation furnace, some air and gas generated by activation need to be injected at the same time to make up the heat, or through the The external heat source is added to ensure the activation temperature in the activation reaction zone of the activation furnace.
The activation reaction belongs to the heterogeneous reaction of gas-solid system. The activation process includes physical and chemical processes. The whole process includes the diffusion of activator in the gas phase to the outer surface of the carbonized material, the diffusion of the activator to the inner surface of the carbonized material, the adsorption of the activator by the internal and external surface of the carbonized material, and the gasification reaction on the surface of the carbonized material generates intermediate products (surface complexes) and intermediate products Through the following three stages, the activation pore formation can be achieved.
The first stage: the opening of pores formed during carbonization, but blocked by disordered carbon atoms and heteroatoms, that is, at high temperature, the activated gas first reacts with disordered carbon atoms and heteroatoms.
The second stage: the open pores are expanding, penetrating and developing in depth. The carbon atoms at the edge of the pores are easy to react with the activated gas due to their unsaturated structure, which results in the expansion and development of the pores in depth.
The third stage: the formation of new pores. With the activation reaction going on, new unsaturated carbon atoms or active points are exposed on the microcrystalline surface, so these new active points can react with other molecules of the activated gas, and the heterogeneous combustion on the surface of microcrystalline constantly leads to the formation of new pores.
The main operation conditions of activation furnace process control include activation temperature, activation time, flux and temperature of activator, feeding speed, oxygen content in activation furnace, etc
